Eczema, also known as Atopic Dermatitis, is a common skin condition that causes inflammation, irritation, and intense itching. It can affect people of all ages, but it often begins in childhood and may continue into adulthood. Understanding the signs of eczema can help you recognize it early and manage symptoms before they worsen.

1. Persistent Itching

The most noticeable symptom of eczema is constant itching. This itching can range from mild to severe and often becomes worse at night. Scratching may provide temporary relief but usually makes the condition worse, leading to further irritation and skin damage.

2. Dry, Sensitive Skin

People with eczema often have very dry and sensitive skin. The skin may feel rough, tight, or flaky. This dryness occurs because the skin barrier is weakened, making it harder to retain moisture and protect against irritants.

3. Red or Inflamed Patches

Eczema commonly appears as red, inflamed areas on the skin. These patches may be small at first but can spread over time. In lighter skin tones, the patches appear red, while in darker skin tones, they may look brown, purple, or gray.

4. Thickened or Scaly Skin

Over time, repeated scratching can cause the skin to thicken, a condition known as lichenification. The affected areas may look leathery, scaly, or cracked, especially in chronic cases.

5. Small Bumps or Blisters

Some people develop small raised bumps that may leak fluid when scratched. These bumps can crust over and become infected if not treated properly. This is more common during flare-ups.

6. Skin Discoloration

After inflammation subsides, eczema can leave behind areas of lighter or darker skin. This discoloration may last for weeks or months and is more noticeable in people with darker skin tones.